Yde Venema: Subdirect irreducibility (a frame perspective) Abstract We give a characterization of the simple, and of the subdirectly irreducible boolean algebras with operators (including modal algebras), in terms of the dual descriptive general frame. These characterizations involve a special binary *quasi-reachability* relation on the dual structure; we call a point a quasi-root of the dual structure if every ultrafilter is quasi-reachable from it. We prove that a boolean algebra with operators is simple iff every point in the dual structure is a quasi-root; and that it is subdirectly irreducible iff the collection of quasi-roots has measure nonzero in the Stone topology on the dual structure.